快捷通道英语专业八级翻译实考题 1997年八级英译汉 Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defense, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These master-pieces are the touchstones for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire; they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another. 1997年八级英译汉参考译文 欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。然而，享用昂贵东西并不完全是富人的特权，除非我们放弃社会选择的权力。我们有权力使歌剧和其他昂贵的文化形式面向大众，面向那些个人没有支付能力的人。然而，问题是我们为什么要这么做。没人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康与教育是不可或缺的。但是，即使在史前的穴居时代，人们伸出手来，也不仅仅是为了获得吃喝，为了搏杀，而且还有一个目的，那就是动手作画。人们对文化的冲动，即人们希望通过想象和再现来表现并探索这个世界的愿望，才是最根本的。在欧洲，人们通过音乐、美术、文学和戏剧等方面的不朽作品的创作，实现了这一愿望。这些杰作是衡量人类努力程度的试金石，是检验人类思维和想象潜能的标准，它们有着最深奥的寓意，并在人们彼此之间传播。 1997年八级汉译英 来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生的勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位学生被招他的实验室，最 1997年八级汉译英参考译文 My advisor, who was an Asian American, had a strong addiction to smoking and drinking, and an irritable temper as well. However, he appreciated the industry and the solid basic knowledge of students with Asian origins. He also had a particularly keen insight into the mentality of these students. So it was not surprising that all the students in his lab were from Asian except one from Germany. The advisor was so straight-forward as to paste an eye-catching notice on the door of his lab, which read: “It is a must that all the research assistants in the lab work from 10 to 12 pm every day, and seven days a week. Furthermore, they should spare no effort in working hours. ” The advisor was well-known for his strictness and severity throughout the university. During the three and a half years of my work there, fourteen students were recruited into his lab, but only five stayed until after they had graduated with a PH.D degree. 1998年八级英译汉 I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive over-phrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent --- e.g. in painting and music --- they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an “English tradition” after all. To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts etc., I intend some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own, when in several ways still resembles his own --- and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend. 1998年八级英译汉参考译文（大连） 因此，我们在说：“美国”文学，并不表明我们认为美国文学与欧洲文学截然不同。一般来说，美国和欧洲一直在同步发展。无论何时，旅游者在两地都能看到同一样式的建筑，见到同一款式的服饰，读到摆在书架上的同一风格的书籍。在大西洋两岸，人的思想观念，就如同人员与货物一样，可以自由交流，尽管有时会略显迟缓。谈到美国人的习惯、美国人的思想等概念时，我想在“美国式的”这个词前再加上某种修饰，因为欧美之间（尤其是英美之间）的差异往往只是程度上的差异而已，而且有时候是极低程度上的差异而已。差异的程度微乎其微，很可能会使审视美国的英国人感到迷惑不解。重要的是，英国人所审视的这个国家诞生于英国，并在不少方面仍与英国相差无几－－然而，实实在在是个异邦。两地有着莫名的共同之处，以及令人甚感突兀的陌生感。原先的亲戚已经形同陌路，就仿佛隔着马路招呼，等看到对方一脸茫然时，我们才意识到认错人。 1998年八级汉译英 这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。 1998年八级汉译英参考译文 During my short stay in Taiwan, I had seen quite a few places, paid visits to my old friends and made a lot of new ones as well. How Chinese people could become more powerful and prosperous in the 21st century became the most important topic we would be engaged in whenever staying together. In spite of their different social environments and life experiences, young people from Chinese mainland and those from Taiwan have in mind the excellent Chinese traditional culture and share the common ideal of rejuvenating China. The turn of the century has ushered in a great new epoch. Our motherland is becoming more and more prosperous and powerful. People across the Straits are sure to increase their contacts and strive together to promote the reunification of the country as soon as possible. The golden opportunities and tremendous challenges offered by the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the forefront of history. It is their turn to answer at such a transitional phase the question how they should embrace the new century replete with hopes. 1999年八级英译汉 In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places. In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage; to hold the husband or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family --- they need children to enrich the circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at least in principle, for security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world. To most people, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance and in generational extension. 1999年八级英译汉参考译文 另外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共同之处，那就是：生儿育女要么是为了维系现有婚姻，提高婚姻质量，要么是为了拴住丈夫，使妻子有所事事，要么是为了修复婚姻，给婚姻注入新的活力，抑或是出于多子多福的观念而多生子女。当然，我们也可从问题的反面得到昭示：在某些社会，无法生育子嗣（或不能生育男孩）对婚姻而言是最大的威胁，也可作为夫妻分手的现成理由。 后代对于家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义远非如此。在许多人看来，丁克家庭算不上真正的家庭。夫妻需要孩子来拓宽自己的生活圈子，实现家庭在传宗接代中的作用，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。在这个变幻莫测，常常不尽友善的世界上，家庭作为社会的基本单位，至少可在原则上，以其独特方式为家人提供安全保障，抚慰家人受伤的心灵，为家人指出生活的方向，因此，孩子需要家庭，但与此同时，家庭也需要孩子。 1999年八级汉译英 加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁的生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设,有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量达8000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。 温哥华（Vancouver) 的辉煌是温哥华人的智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每四个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性作用，其中有一半是近五年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。 1999年八级汉译英参考译文 The glory of Vancouver is attributable to the intelligence and industry of Vancouver, different ethnic minorities included. Canada has a vast sparsely-populated land, which is even greater than that of China. However, its population is much less than 30 million. Consequently, Canada always observes such a national policy as to attract immigrants from the outside world. It can safely be asserted that except for American Indians, all the citizens are immigrants or descendents of immigrants. The only difference between them is their time of settlement in Canada. Vancouver can be ranked among the handful of multi-ethnic cities throughout the world. Half of Vancouver’s 1.8 million residents were born elsewhere. In addition, one of every four residents is from Asia. 250 thousand Chinese Canadians play a decisive role in facilitating the economic transformation of the city. And half of them came to settle in the city in the past five years, making the city the biggest gathering center of Chinese outside Asia. 2000年八级英译汉 If people mean anything at all by the expression “untimely death”, they must believe that some deaths run on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely—a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assumes that the best years lay ahead and the measure of that life was still to be taken. History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact the poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The idea that the life cut short is unfulfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity and virtue. 2000年八级英译汉参考译文 如果人们在使用“死不逢时”一词时有所指的话，那肯定认为一些人的逝世是寿终正寝，而另一些人的辞世则是英年早逝。很少人会说因年老而死亡是“死不逢时”－－人们总是把老年人寿终正寝看作是一种圆满。但是对于一个英年早逝的人，人们常常认为他的好日子还在后头，对他短暂的一生做出评价还为时尚早。 然而，历史对此观点持否定态度。谈到英年早逝的人物，人们常常回想起玛丽莲·梦露和詹姆士·迪恩斯。二人生命虽短，却功成名就。作家们难以接受英国诗人约翰·济慈26岁便匆匆辞世的残酷事实，然而，当他们26岁时，只有自嘲虚度年华碌碌无为的份了。那种认为生命短暂就不圆满的观点是不合逻辑的，因为评价一个人的一生应当看他给世人留下的印象，他所取得的成就，以及他的个人品质。 2000年八级汉译英 中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些不足，后天也常常缺乏营养，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。 世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。 世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。 中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆！它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。 2000年八级汉译英参考译文 The world’s first-generation museums were nature museums, which made use of fossils and specimens and others to show people the history of evolution of the earth and various kinds of living creatures. The industrial technology museums were known as the second-generation museums. They showed the achievements brought about by industrial civilization at its different stages. Despite their great contributions to the dissemination of scientific knowledge, these two generations of museums treated visitors merely as passive onlookers. The third-generation museums operate on brand-new concepts. Visitors are encouraged to conduct operation with their own hands and observe whole-heartedly with their own eyes. In this way, they may get closer to advanced science and technology and go on to explore it. 2001年八级英译汉 Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau's idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one's perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts. Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “the pleasure of taking pains”. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless. We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun. 2001年八级英译汉参考译文 努力是问题的关键。如果不经历艰难困苦，就没有幸福而言。正如爱尔兰诗人叶芝所言，除了极少数不大可能出现的情况外，我们一生中得到的满意程度取决于我们愿意克服的困难有多大。美国诗人罗伯特·弗罗斯特谈到“苦中求乐”时，也表达了相似的看法。出现在广告中的幸福都有一个致命的错误，那就是，不费吹灰之力即可获得幸福。 即使在体育比赛中，我们也需要克服困难。我们需要困难，因为没有困难就没有比赛。比赛就是使某件事情变得更加困难，以便难中取乐。制定比赛规则就是故意制造困难。违犯竞赛规则也就丧失了比赛乐趣。下棋时，如果不受规则的约束，高兴怎么走就怎么走，你很容易取胜。然而，乐趣源于胜利而又遵守规则。没有困难，也就没有乐趣。 2001年八级汉译英 乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他的另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。 晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心的烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。” 2001年八级汉译英参考译文 Qiao Yu took to fishing in his late years. He once said: “Where there is fish and water, there is good environment, and good environment can make one happy. The best places for fishing, it seems to me, are not fishing-ponds with hungry fish and comfortable chairs for fishermen, but attractive natural water bodies in out-of-the-way places.” Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help improve one’s temperament. It is good for one’s health, mentally as well as physically. “Fishing falls into three stages,” as Qiao put it, “In the first stage, the interest lies in eating; in the second, in fishing as well as in eating fish, while in the third, one is mainly interested in fishing. At that time faced with a pool of green water, one casts aside all anxieties and worries and enjoys a good rest, and feels completely relaxed.” 2002年八级英译汉 Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence and manipulating others. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask. Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can separate facts from opinions and don't pretend to have all the answers. They listen to others; evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them. Winners do not play “helpless”, nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives. 2002年八级英译汉参考译文 胜者不会穷其毕生精力，去拘泥于某个他们所想象的为人之道；相反，他们会保持其真我本色，并且，作为这种追求真我的仁者，他们不会绞尽脑汁装腔作势，维持一种自命不凡的姿态，去操纵他人。他们深知，在真心关爱和虚情假意之间，在愚顽不化和大智若愚之间，在真才实学和不懂装懂之间，实质上都存在着天壤之别。成功者无需面具掩藏自我。 胜者勇于独立思考，敢于展示才华。他们能将事实和观点区分开来，不会妄称自己无所不晓。他们会倾听他人的见解，并权衡利弊，从而最终得出自己的结论。尽管会钦佩敬重他人，但他们从不为其所羁绊。 胜者绝不表现出无助，也从不怨天尤人。相反，他们会毅然肩负起对自身人生的责任。 2002年八级汉译英 大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然全部一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着：种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴．跳舞和唱歌。往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。 2002年八级汉译英参考译文 Nature does the same favor to every human being, be he rich or poor. Therefore, all the people, with no exception, are profoundly dependent on Nature. Nowhere is it truer than in the countryside, where people have been living the same life for hundreds of years: They grow crops and grapes, brew wines to drink, feed the cattle and milk the cows, root weeds and plant flowers. They go to church to say their prayers at weekends, and play music instruments, dance and sing songs on the plaza during festivals. Then yesterday’s farms are still sweet homes today. In this way each area has its own legends, and the customs pass down. 2003年八级英译汉 In his classic novel, “The Pioneers”, James, Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest, “Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?” She asks. He’s astonished she can’t see them. “Where! Why everywhere,” he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished. Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, “Life for the American is always becoming, never being.” 2003年八级英译汉参考译文 詹姆斯.费尼莫尔.库柏在其经典小说《拓荒者》中，记述了主人公—一位土地开发商—带着表妹游览一座他将要建造的城市的情景。他向表妹描绘了宽阔的街道，排排的房屋，俨然一座熙来攘往的大都市。然而表妹环顾四周，却一脸迷茫，她所看到的只是一片森林。于是她问：“你要给我看的美景和改观在哪里啊？”他很惊讶，她居然还不能心领神会。便回答说：“还问哪里？这不到处都是嘛。”因为尽管他还没有把它们真正建成，他却早已在心中构想好了。它们对他来说是如此具体真实仿佛它们早已建成。库柏在这里揭示了美国人独有的特征，即前瞻性：他们能够站在未来的高度来看现在的一切；摆脱过去束缚而更加亲近未来。正如埃尔伯特.爱因斯坦曾言：“对美国人来说，生活总是进取，而非守成”。/ “……生活永远是个变量，而非定量。”/“生活对美国人来说总是一个过程，而不是一种结果。” 2003年八级汉译英 得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道。一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，我顿感被打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界一片繁华，自己的哥姐．堂表弟兄也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。一霎时，一阵被人摒弃．为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。 2003年八级汉译英参考译文 Before I was taken ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, getting things my way in the family. Once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of the garden, I suddenly found myself in disfavor and my wings clipped. One spring evening, with myriads of flowers in full bloom in the garden, my parents held a garden party in honor of many guests, whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats. In the small house on the slope, I quietly lifted the curtain, only to be met by a great and prosperous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests, all in jubilation. All at once, seized by a fit of forlorn rage, I could not help bursting into tears. 2004年八级英译汉 For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness. I am lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out. Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and, perhaps, by looking again at each one as though it were a person. It takes a while, as I watch the surf blowing up in fountains, but the moment comes when the world falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconscious, bring back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood. 2004年八级英译汉参考译文 只有在我疲劳过度的时候，在我长时间工作没有而没有休息的时候，或是在我感到心头空虚而需要充实的时候，我才感到孤独。有时，当外出讲学后回家，见过许多人，讲了许多话，满脑子的感受，需要梳理的时候，我也会感到孤独。 屋子有一阵子显得既大又空，而我不知自我潜藏何处。只有去浇浇花草，或许，然后再注目每一株花草，将之视为活生生的知己，我才能渐渐找回失去的自我。 找回自我，需要一点时间。我看着浪花迸若喷泉，不过这样的时刻降临了，身边的世界渐次隐遁，自我，再次从深茫的无意识中浮现，带回了最近的经历，那等待探究，需要细想的经历。 2004年八级汉译英 在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你初到一个餐馆，开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅屋三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应” 吧。 2004年八级汉译英参考译文 We should not be too romantic in interpersonal relations. Human beings are interesting in that they tend to first see good in a new acquaintance. This is like dining in a restaurant. You will be not only favorably impressed with the first dish or cold dishes, but also profuse in praise of the first two courses. However, the more you have, the more sober you become until the dinner ends up with all the flaws exposed. Consequently, your joy would give way to anger; your praises to criticism or even fault-finding; and your nodding in agreement to shaking the head. What accounts for all this is, in the first place, you are hungry when you start to eat. As the saying goes, “Hunger is the best sauce”, and vice versa. And secondly, unfamiliarity, rather than familiarity, breeds freshness in you when you start to eat in a restaurant new to you, which is the so-called effect of unfamiliarization. 2005年八级英译汉 It is simple enough to say that since books have classes—fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. 1）Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. 2）Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. 3）If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice. 4）If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. 5）But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. 2005年八级英译汉参考译文 既然书籍分门别类，有小说、传记、诗歌等，我们也应区别对待，从中汲取它们各自所能提供的 --- 此话说起来再容易不过了。1然而，人们对书籍往往求非所予。2开卷之时，我们常常思想模糊，思维割裂，苛求小说真实，认定诗歌造作，视传记为美化，期望史书认同一己之见。3阅读之时，若能摒弃所有此类成见，那将是一个可喜的开端。不要对作者指指点点，而应尝试设身处地，做读者的同道和“同谋”。4若是你一开始便固步自封，先入为主，求全责备，你就不可能最大限度地从你所读的书中获益。5但是，你若能大大敞开思想，那么，开篇的那几行曲径通幽的文字，那若明若暗的微妙表达和深意将把你带到一个独具特色的灵魂面前。投身其中，知晓此境，不用很久，你就会发现作者正在传递给你的，或试图传递给你的，原来如此显豁。 2005年八级汉译英 一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。 古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。 2005年八级汉译英参考译文 What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute one, it will not be so to judge the very meaning of one’s existence generally from whether he is serious about life and what his attitudes are towards work and life. Throughout the ages, all people of accomplishment take their lives seriously. As long as they are alive, they would rather devote themselves to more work and study than let a single minute slip by in vain. And the same is true of the common laborers as well as the great statesmen and thinkers in our country. 2006年八级英译汉 On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament. He was preparing the people for a long battle against Nazi aggression, at a time when England’s survival was still in doubt. “…I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering. You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea, and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory. Victory at all costs --- Victory in spite of all terrors --- for without victory there is no survival. Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward his goal. I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, ‘Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.’” 2006年八级英译汉参考译文 我没有什么可以奉献，只有鲜血、苦力、泪水和汗水。我们面对的是最为惨烈的考验。我们面对的是经年累月的、艰苦卓绝的斗争。 你们也许会问，我们的对策是什么？我认为那就是从海陆空发动一场全面的战争，一场竭尽我们所能、竭尽上帝所赐予我们的全部力量的战争，一场与人类罪行簿上最黑暗、最可悲的凶残暴政相较量的战争。 你们也许会问，我们的目的是什么？我可以用一个词来回答，那就是胜利 --- 不惜付出一切代价的胜利，藐视一切恐怖的胜利。这是因为，没有胜利就没有我们的生存。 大家必须认识到这一点：没有胜利，就没有大英帝国的存在，就没有大英帝国所代表的一切的存在，就没有时代策动力的存在，就没有我们人类应该向着这个目标的迈进。 2006年八级汉译英 中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。况中国古代素来以不滞于物、不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。并非我们没有守财奴，但比起，莫利哀与巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。 2006年八级汉译英参考译文1(中国翻译) The Chinese nation has never believed in human supremacy. And the notion finds full expression in the philosophy, literature and art that humans coexist with other species in nature with a proportionally proper rather than an absolutely dominant position. Therefore we generally suffer less depression than Westerners, as the degree of the suffering varies with that of our desire and ambition. People in the agricultural society have much less enjoyment than those in the industrial society, and hence less desire. Moreover, the main Chinese ancient philosophy of life is always to be free from the encumbrance or enslavement of the outside world. Certainly there are among us misers who, however, pale in the presence of the misers and careerists depicted by Moliere and Balzac. In comparison with Westerners, the Chinese people, easier to be satisfied, are mostly unbiased, peaceful, unworldly and guileless. 2006年八级汉译英参考译文2 Chinese people has never thought of human being as the highest creature among everything else since ancient times, whose behavior takes a quite appropriate proportion with all others in our natural world in both aspects of philosophy and arts, but not as absolute dominant ruler. Therefore, our bitterness and depression are basically less than those of westerners, because the intensity of which is growing with the changing of one’s desire and ambition. People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less than people in the industry society, thus their wants are far less either. Besides, ancient Chinese always regard “not confined by material, not driven material” as uppermost philosophy. 2007年八级翻译汉译英 暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。 也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚地。如果走近了，你会发现它们洁白的牙齿，以及那丰富而又单纯的表情。 2007年八级翻译汉译英参考译文1 Right beside this gorgeous picture, a flock of sheep are hanging their heads in search of food by the riverside. Almost none of them have raised their heads to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. Perhaps, they want to male use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. This is a scene of the Yellow River bank, where the shepherd has disappeared and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only these creatures are appreciating the dusk freely. Here, the exuberant water and grass have nourished them, with each of them growing very fat. When approaching, you will find their white teeth and rich but innocent facial expressions. 2007年八级翻译汉译英参考译文2 Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the sheep, however, as free creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exuberant water plants have nutrited the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions. 2007年八级翻译汉译英参考译文3 Just beside this splendid picture, a herd of sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside. However, none of them cares to look up and throw a glance at the beautiful twilight. Perhaps they are using the last moment for another chew before going home. This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River. The shepherd, who is nowhere to be seen, is having a rest in an unknown place, leaving these living things to enjoy this moment of dusk with full ease and freedom. Here the water is so fresh and the grass so tender that all of them are well-fed and chubby. If you approach them, you will see their snow-white teeth as well as their rich innocent expressions. 2007年八级汉译英参考译文4 Just beside this splendid picture, a flock of sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside. Hardly any of them cares to look up and throw a glance at the beautiful twilight. Perhaps they are using the last moment for another chew before going home. This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River. The shepherd, who is nowhere to be seen, is having a rest in an unknown place, leaving these living things to enjoy this moment of dusk with full ease and freedom. Here the water grass is so luxuriant and tender that the sheep have battened on them. If you approach them, you will see their snow-white teeth as well as their rich innocent expressions. 2007年八级英译汉 Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet. Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11 and avian flu remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world. Our world is bursting with knowledge --- but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more crazy, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. For all these reasons I believed --- and I believed even more strongly today --- in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities. 2007年八级翻译英译汉参考译文1 科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分以及生命的奇迹。 与此同时，人类今天所做的以及未做的一切，不仅危及这个星球上的生命，也危及该星球本身的生命。 全球化正在使世界变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快、愈来愈富有。然而，“ 身处一个知识爆炸的世界之中，我们迫切需要智慧。现在，当访谈剪辑片段变得越来越短，当即时信息挤掉了随笔，当个人生活变得更加疯狂，这个世界需要的是能够反思的大学毕业生。 考虑到这些理由，我过去信仰，今天甚至更加强烈地信仰大学所具有的独特的、无可取代的使命。 2007年八级翻译英译汉参考译文2 科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。 与此同时，今天，人类所做的及没能做到的事情，不仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危害到该星球的寿命。 全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。尽管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我们，更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。 我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，迫切需要智慧。现在，在（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了杂记文，个人生活变得如痴如狂之际，这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。 考虑到这些理由，我过去信仰，而今天甚至更加强烈地信仰大学独特的、无可取代的使命。 2007年八级翻译英译汉参考译文3 科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。 与此同时，今天，人类所做的及没能做到的事情，不仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危害到该星球的寿命。 全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。尽管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我们，更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。 我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，迫切需要智慧。现在，在（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了杂记文，个人生活变得如痴如狂之际，这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。 考虑到这些理由，我过去信仰，而今天甚至更加强烈地信仰大学独特的、无可取代的使命。 2008年八级翻译汉译英 都市寸土寸金，地价炒得越来越高，今后将更高。拥有一个小小花园的希望，对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望。 我想，其实谁都有一个小小花园，这便是我们的内心世界。人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的。人和动物的区别，除了众所周知的诸多方面，恐怕还在于人有内心世界。心不过是人的一个重要脏器，而内心世界是一种景观，它是有外部世界不断作用于内心渐渐形成的。每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏的健损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴晴。（190字） 2008年八级翻译汉译英参考译文 I think everyone, in effect, has a small garden or a flower bed of his own, namely, our inner world. Just as there is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, as is the case with their inner world. The difference between human beings and animals, apart from the various aspects which are universally known, may probably lie in the fact that human beings have an inner world. Heart is no more than an important organ whereas the inner world constitutes a landscape, which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside world. So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones that merely a minor disease would enduringly weigh on his mind . however, not everyone cares about the inner world, delighted or gloomy, of himself and his beloved ones. 2008年八级英译汉 But, as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their original duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distressing moments for both our friends; they understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before, they had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a new household, and must fulfil in some way or another the obligations of it. They looked back with affection to their engagement; they had been longing to have each other to themselves, apart from the world, but it seemed that they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society. 2008年八级英译汉参考译文 但是，正如许多其他的事情一样，当他们最终结婚后，却发现自己最为憧憬的生活早已被严峻的现实所取代。他们非但没能像常被学生挂在嘴边的“对半开”那样去分担各自的责任，反而发现生活中的烦心事成倍的找上门来。这就使得我们那两位结了婚的朋友不时感到沮丧和不开心；他们突然发觉自己并没有过着天堂般的生活，而是依然实实在在地生活在尘世，而且还成了新的清规戒律的奴隶。和从前相比，他们不仅没有更自由、更幸福，反而得肩负起新的责任；他们既然组成了一个新的家庭，就必须以这样或那样的方式承担起家庭的义务。回首订婚之时，他们心中充满爱意；他们曾经如此渴望拥有二人世界，并置周围的一切于不顾。然而，他们似乎从未如此深刻地体会到自己依然是现代社会的一份子。 Grade Score Description 英语专业八级翻译题评分标准 5. 10—9 分 Excellent Translation The translation faithfully reflects all the original passage with only 1 or 2 minor errors in vocabulary, syntax, punctuation or spelling. The translation is elegant (appropriate choice of words, a variety in sentence patterns). 4. 8—7 分 Good Translation With Few Inaccuracies The translation reflects almost all the original passage with relatively few significant errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is readable (generally clear, smooth and cohesive). 3. 6—5分Passable Translation With Some Inaccuracies The translation adequately reflects most of the original passage with occasional errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, for the most part, readable. 2. 4—3 分 Inadequate Translation With Frquent Inaccuracies The translation only reflects about half of the original passage with frequent errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, in some parts, unreadable. 1. 2-1 分 Poor Translation The translation reflects less than half of the original passage. Almost all sentences contain errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is , for the most part, unreadable.